d. discrimination, A white applicant who was rejected by a prestigious university argues that she was not admitted because racial minorities were given special advantages in the application process. d. a and c. Which is true of media portrayals of gays and lesbians? What were the "black codes"? a. Puerto Rico Generics express generalizations, but unlike quantified statements, generics do not carry information about how many members of the kind or category have the property. Assimilation is when The result of these series of activations is the release of a . The IMA's Statement of Ethical Professional Practice includes all but which of the following broad categories? Which of the following statements concerning race is TRUE? which of the following statements concerning social categorization is d. all of the above. Claude Steele and Joshua Aronson (1995) tested the hypothesis that these differences might be due to the activation of negative stereotypes. Southern European Americans Sociologist Eduardo Bonilla-Silva argues that d. 75 percent, Blacks account for roughly ______ of the U.S. population and ______ of chief executives. B) The simpler the category, the less likely we are to use prototype theory. In this sense, the stereotypes are at least partly true for many of the members of the social category, in terms of their actual behaviors. Stereotypes are frequently expressed on TV, in movies, and in chat rooms and blogs, and we learn a lot of our beliefs from these sources. Feelings of hostility or anger directed against objects that are not the real origin of those anxieties is called I codes "social" when the thrust of the datum dealt with relationships. Quickbooks Advance EXAM - QUICKBOOKSADVANCE EXAM SECTION 1 Question 1 Empty cart. From Tajfel (1970). Im sure youve had this experience yourself, when you found yourself thinking or saying, Oh, them, theyre all the same!. c. working-class women are perceived more positively than are middle-class women. He argues that if there is a womens studies program, then there should be a mens studies program too. a. and males is clearly interpreted as inclusive of both genders. Guia de Estudio - Study Guide: Term 1 Test, Avancemos 2 Unidad 2 Leccin 2 (Vocabulario), John David Jackson, Patricia Meglich, Robert Mathis, Sean Valentine, Anderson's Business Law and the Legal Environment, Comprehensive Volume, David Twomey, Marianne Jennings, Stephanie Greene, Service Management: Operations, Strategy, and Information Technology, Applied Calculus for the Managerial, Life, and Social Sciences, Global Procurement and Strategic Sourcing (2), Measurements (e.g., weight, height, blood pressure). The conclusion is simple, if perhaps obvious: Social categorization is occurring all around us all the time. The basic assumption is that if two concepts are associated or linked, they will be responded to more quickly if they are classified using the same, rather than different, keys. Which of the following statements concerning social categorization is CORRECT? Butz, D. A., & Plant, E. A. The outcome is that the stereotypes become linked to the group itself in a set of mental representations (Figure 12.5). d. as successful and assertive. Lines C and D were seen as the same length in the noncategorized condition, but line C was perceived as longer than line D when the lines were categorized into two groups. Barden, J., Maddux, W. W., Petty, R. E., & Brewer, M. B. Without power, the fish in the fish tanks at each store will die. Social strategies. Physical environment. b. Hispanic men c. serve to maintain the power imbalance between women and men. This multiplicity of causes is unfortunate because it makes stereotypes and prejudices even more likely to form and harder to change. b. male generic language. b. ", Which of the following is an example of spotlighting? All Hispanics are white. c. Both of the above (2006). During the next vote, Belinda changes her vote from guilty to not guilty. b. Martin Luther King Jr. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Which of the following statements concerning prejudice is not true? c. racializing. C. holding a stereotype b) Secondary research is done after primary research. Research has found that stereotype threat is caused by both cognitive and affective factors. Taylor, S. E., Fiske, S. T., Etcoff, N. L., & Ruderman, A. J. Which statement best characterizes the textbook's assessment of the Trump presidency? More than three-quarters of the nearly 59 million immigrants admitted to the United States since 1965 have been from Which of the following statements are accurate? - Brainly.com Aboud, F. E., & Doyle, A.-B. b. still show more male characters than female characters in basic readers and math materials Out of mind but back in sight: Stereotypes on the rebound. d. Hispanics, Which group of Americans has the lowest median household income? xiyi132735411514. b. working-class women are perceived more negatively than are middle-class women. Stereotyping others is simply unfair. Review the ways that stereotypes influence our behavior. by pressing either the Yes button or the No button using either their left hand or their right hand. 3 "I did a bad job because I'm inept." b. experiencing discrimination in employment a. Fiske, A. P., Haslam, N., & Fiske, S. T. (1991). c. segregation. b. Which group has the highest rate of hypertension? The point at which variable costs equal fixed costs. b. 349380). The Integrity survey includes statements . Factor analytic approaches suggest that these data reflect the influence of a . Furthermore, attempting to prevent our stereotype from coloring our reactions to others takes effort. In other cases, stereotypes are maintained because information that confirms our stereotypes is better remembered than information that disconfirms them. c. women with disabilities A Immigrants are sometimes blamed for low wages. a. aggregation. c. The media tend to portray Latinas in low-status occupations. Furthermore, the categories are arranged such that the responses to be answered with the left and right buttons either fit with (match) the stereotype or do not fit with (mismatch) the stereotype. CM PRACTICE EXERCISE - Blurred Boundaries Following are some c. color-blind racism, unlike overt racism, is not psychologically damaging to racial minorities. The following statements concerning the thalamus are correct EXCEPT: A. Eagly, A. H., & Steffen, V. J. a. d. by attempting to act as if race does not exist, whites perpetuate inequalities. I start with some of the early challenges to the widely-employed philosophical method of casesthe very challenges that originally prompted the new movement of experimental philosophyand with some fundamental questions about the method that are yet to have been given satisfying answers. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is Which of the following statements concerning social categorization is CORRECT? d. scapegoating. Ethnicity bases classification on physical features. d. poor diet. Notably, the image in Figure 1 is also a stock photo supplied by one of the world's largest commercial image banks, Getty Images.As we say, newspapers and other news media outlets increasingly source their images this way, with fewer . For example, if asked "how many . Content and application inaccuracy in social stereotyping. a. the Whorfian hypothesis. c. Africans. Specifically, he found that although lines C and D (which are actually the same length) were perceived as equal in length when the lines were not categorized, line C was perceived as being significantly longer than line D in the condition in which the lines were categorized. Why do you (or dont you) categorize? Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 4(10), 807820. a. intelligence Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 46(1), 166171. Which of the following statements concerning workers' compensation is NOT correct? b. African Americans Stereotype threat is not, however, absolutewe can get past it if we try. d. institutional racism. stereotyping? And self-fulfilling prophecies are ubiquitouseven teachers expectations about their students academic abilities can influence the students school performance (Jussim, Robustelli, & Cain, 2009). d. Whites may often benefit from it without even realizing it. Between 1915 and 1923, more than a million Armenians were killed by the Ottoman Turkish government. Background Patients are increasingly looking to social media platforms for medical information. Steele and Aronson argued that thinking about negative stereotypes that are relevant to a task that one is performing creates stereotype threatperformance decrements that are caused by the knowledge of cultural stereotypes. Race in the making: Cognition, culture and the childs construction of human kinds. c. "Throughout history mankind has been plagued by disease." Social judgeability: The impact of meta-informational cues on the use of stereotypes. c. A researcher conducts a series of interviews with new immigrants to the United States who came from Central America. One of the long-standing puzzles in the area of academic performance concerns why Black students perform more poorly on standardized tests, receive lower grades, and are less likely to remain in school in comparison with White students, even when other factors such as family income, parents education, and other relevant variables are controlled. b. a) Data classification and application categorization is the same. a. In K. R. Wenzel & A. Wigfield (Eds. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 80(4), 645654. Experiments in intergroup discrimination. 18 All surveys are administered before instructions for the investment game to minimize strategic responses by subjects. b. assimilation. Therefore, he does Crisp, R. J., & Hewstone, M. a. racism In these situations, there is a discrepancy between our positive concept of our skills and abilities and the negative stereotypes suggesting poor performance. d. a and b, Older women who appear on TV are often depicted: c. Irish Americans which of the following statements concerning social categorization is correct? Once our stereotypes and prejudices become established, they are difficult to change and may lead to self-fulfilling prophecies, such that our expectations about the group members make the stereotypes come true. Some popular music lyrics contain explicit sexual references which often are degrading to d. had qualities of behavior or temperament that were innate and could not be altered. a. the more hostile sexism endorsed by the men, the less benevolent sexism reported by the a. modern sexism. For instance, the stereotypes (which are held by many people) that women are nurturing and that men are dominant may occur in part because, on average, men and women find themselves in different social roles within a culture (Eagly & Steffen, 1984). On the cognitive side, individuals who are experiencing stereotype threat show an impairment in cognitive processing that is caused by increased vigilance toward the environment and attempts to suppress their stereotypical thoughts. b. Mexico d. Black women under age 35, Compared to 30 years ago, modern children's school textbooks: Uploaded By Mo salah. a. b. Indeed, social categorization occurs so quickly that people may have difficulty not thinking about others in terms of their group memberships (see Figure 12.3). use of beauty products. Sociology CH 10 Flashcards | Quizlet McIntyre, R. B., Paulson, R. M., & Lord, C. G. (2003). Contemporary research uses self-report methods when there is a question over people's ability to rate their attitudes accurately. Psychological Bulletin, 76(5), 349364. c. overrepresentation of female characters with both family and paid work responsibilities In J. F. Dovidio & S. L. Gaertner (Eds. In college textbooks approximately one-half of the references to women are specifically d. It outlawed discrimination in the rental or purchase of homes. A man cuts in front of the line and drops his items on the counter. social loafing Which of the following statements concerning social categorization is Hirschfeld, L. (1996). Which statement is the BEST explanation of the fundamental attribution error? Research has found that the experience of stereotype threat can help explain a wide variety of performance decrements among those who are targeted by negative stereotypes. d. social role theory. a. spotlighting. Although either individual could afford to purchase a generator individually, they agree to split the cost of a generator because they love fish more than they dislike each other. Escalation of conflict is the result of all of the following issues except __________. You can see that an interaction that began at individual level, as two individuals conversing, has now turned to the group level, in which John has begun to consider himself as a man, and Sarah has begun to consider herself as a woman. The 1964 Civil Rights Act accomplished what? This is an example of See Page 1. a) Secondary research can be organized in-house or via a research agency. For one, we learn our stereotypes in part through our communications with parents and peers (Aboud & Doyle, 1996) and from the behaviors we see portrayed in the media (Brown, 1995). If you found yourself lost in a city, you might look for a police officer or a taxi driver to help you find your way. Lepore, L., & Brown, R. (1997). c. Ireland; rural Political Premier League . c. projection. b. portrayal of gender-based social roles b. physical attractiveness On the 72nd hole of the U.S. Open golf tournament, Phil Mickelson misses a one-foot putt that would have won the championship. Trope, Y., & Thompson, E. (1997). Schaller, M., & Conway, G. (1999). a. immigrants. c. the biological inferiority of blacks In this procedure, the experimenter first convinces the participants that he or he has access to their true beliefs, for instance, by getting access to a questionnaire that they completed at a prior experimental session. b) the influences of the social world in which we exist. b. countries with more gender inequality were characterized by greater sexism. a. In Handbook of motivation and cognition: The interpersonal context (Vol. 1. Which of the following statements about corporate social A. permanent d. depiction of female communion and male agency, Currently, nearly equal numbers of females and males appear as central characters in: c. being forced to listen to jokes that belittle women . 17. Macrae, C. N., Bodenhausen, G. V., Milne, A. This prevents us from really learning about the outgroup members as individuals, and as a result, we tend to be unaware of the differences among the group members. d. Whites sometimes assume that the Asian American person they are speaking to is an immigrant. When a minority member experiences a microaggression, they d. all of the above, Social Psychology-Chapter 7 (Conceptual/Appli. Psychological Review, 115(2), 336356. Asymmetric search of individuating information about stereotyped group members. After they had viewed all the statements made by the individuals in the discussion group, the research participants were given a memory test (this was entirely unexpected for the participants who had not been given memory instructions). Scientists today dispute the theory that races have significant genetic differences. When speeding charges are made, Blacks fare much worse when citations are issued on the basis of the officer's visual assessment rather than radar or laser. social impairment movies, and theater But when the images are arranged such that the women and the strong categories are on the same side, whereas the men and the weak categories are on the other side, most participants make more errors and respond more slowly. Soci 3270 Test 2 Questions Flashcards The game is very close. Critiques Strengthen and Improve the Original Findings: Rejoinder to Because they are so highly cognitively accessible, and because they seem so right, our stereotypes easily influence our judgments of and responses to those we have categorized. c. Japanese Americans Anxiety and depressive disorders are related through comorbidity and shared risk factors. What term would be used to characterize her argument? In short, stereotypes and prejudice are powerful largely because they are important social norms that are part of our culture (Guimond, 2000). d. the cultural inferiority of blacks, In 2017, among full-time workers, which group has the lowest weekly earnings? b. discrimination. D. scapegoating, One of the issues that makes categorization a difficult prejudice to overcome is that it is often __________. Confidentiality c. Integrity. d. Authoritarianism reflects patterns of thought in general as well as the values and norms of particular subcultures within the wider society. I am grateful to those who offered detailed and thoughtful comments in response to my study (Sullins, 2022b).Rosik's hopeful call for renewed scientific rigor in the study of sexual orientation change efforts (SOCE) contrasts sharply with comments from four other teams of scholars, each of which I respond to individually below.Blosnich et al.'s and Rivera and Beach's detailed analyses . One indirect approach to assessing prejudice is called the bogus pipeline procedure (Jones & Sigall, 1971). Perceiving outgroup members as unresponsive: Implications for approach-related emotions, intentions, and behavior. 2 cognitive The cognitive monster: The case against the controllability of automatic stereotype effects. d. She became partner and was awarded financial compensation for lost wages. Are Hispanics white or nonwhite? Yaacov Trope and Eric Thompson (1997) found that individuals addressed fewer questions to members of categories about which they had strong stereotypes (as if they already knew what these people were like) and that the questions they did ask were likely to confirm the stereotypes they already had. John is expressing his opinions, and Sarah is expressing hers. Whites regularly engage in overt racism against Asian Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 38, 689703. c. racializing. $23,550 provided by operating activities, c.$15,550 provided by operating activities, d. $42,400 provided by operating activities, e.$20,850 provided by operating activities. Social categorization occurs spontaneously, without much thought on our part (Crisp & Hewstone, 2007). 3 We are more likely to attribute another's behavior to internal rather than to situational causes. New York, NY: Psychology Press. Women who participate in traditional feminine sports such as tennis or gymnastics get more Race And Ethnicity Flashcards by Ruby Carlson - Brainscape a. Northwestern Europe. This example illustrates that, A disadvantaged group that is separated from the dominant group by their distinct physical or cultural characteristics is known as. The term psychologists use for how physically close two people are to each other is ________. Which of the following illustrates the power of complementary traits? Meissner, C. A., & Brigham, J. C. (2001). 3 One confederate gave a correct response. b. Well-meaning comments are never insulting. Thinking in terms of fixed and inflexible categories, such as believing that all French people like to wear striped shirts, is best described as video-notes-from-discussion-posts-. b. institutional racism. Stereotype threat is created in situations that pose a significant threat to self-concern, such that our perceptions of ourselves as important, valuable, and capable individuals are threatened. d. 94; 62, Cross-cultural research on ambivalent sexism showed that: In Y. T. Lee, L. J. Jussim, & C. R. McCauley (Eds. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 4855. a. some traits are associated with all women, regardless of their ethnicity. When White men cant do math: Necessary and sufficient factors in stereotype threat. British Journal of Psychology, 54, 101114. He has shared this information with his doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2009.09.014. c. Black men (1995). New York, NY: Harcourt & Brace. a. underrepresentation of females In the IAT, participants are asked to classify stimuli that they view on a computer screen into one of two categories by pressing one of two computer keys, one with their left hand and one with their right hand. a. create massive numbers of jobs. Lippman, W. (1922). 5. Federal Register :: Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation ACCT test 2 Flashcards | Quizlet b. emigration. c) the real, imagined, or implied presence of others. d. Middle Easterners are nonwhite and North Africans are white. Which of the following is not an assumption of the social categorization perspective on When our stereotypes lead us to be believe that we are likely to perform poorly on a task, we experience a feeling of unease and status threat. b. Attitude formation is the result of a number of influences. . Although he couldn't seem to beat his prior record while practicing, he surpassed it easily during the final meet as his friends cheered him on. In some cases, these beliefs may be positive, and they have the effect of making us feel more confident and thus better able to perform tasks. b. We experience more negative affect (particularly anxiety) when we are with members of other groups than we do when we are with people from our own groups, and we need to use more cognitive resources to control our behavior because of our anxiety about revealing our stereotypes or prejudices (Butz & Plant, 2006; Richeson & Shelton, 2003). The nature of prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91(6), 10661079. c. as active, mature adults On the way home, Reggie and his other teammates blame the loss solely on the player who missed the last minute shot. According to the text, gender stereotypes: Research on gender stereotypes shows that college students and faculty view: Studies show that college students and faculty view the ideal woman as having: According to available research, which of the following ethnic groups engages in less gender. a. her "macho" style Polarized appraisals of out-group members. Perform the indicated operation. Swim, J. K. (1994). Jane Collins, a woman married to Mark Sullivan, wants her potential employer to view her as Although Anthony, an African American, was more productive at work than Francisco, a Hispanic American, Anthony was given a raise but not Francisco because the owner believed that Hispanic Americans are better workers than African Americans. ability Competence. And when we are distracted or under time pressure, these tendencies become even more powerful (Stangor & Duan, 1991). Linville, P. W., & Jones, E. E. (1980). D. engaging in prejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping, Touch, Taste, and Smell: The Other Senses, Psychology Unit: Sociocultural Domain Part 2, Psychology Unit: Sociocultural Domain Part 1, Arlene Lacombe, Kathryn Dumper, Rose Spielman, William Jenkins. b. Latinas d. 26 percent; 18 percent. I. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is Neighborhood segregation has declined significantly over the past quarter century. which of the following statements concerning social categorization is d. a and b, Which of the following statements about the differential treatment of females and males in d. Neither of the above, The birth congratulations card study found that Related Documents. I used this code when statements . He continues to hold this belief even though he learned in school that native-born Americans are more likely to commit crime than immigrants. Give one example of a superordinate goal. Interestingly, and suggesting that categorization is occurring all the time, the instructions that the participants had been given made absolutely no difference. Aim In this study we aimed to evaluate the quality of information regarding premature ejaculation . Brown, R., Croizet, J.-C., Bohner, G., Fournet, M., & Payne, A. not support policies such as affirmative action that aim to overcome unequal treatment. a. immigration. On the other hand, sometimes these beliefs are negative, and they create negative self-fulfilling prophecies such that we perform more poorly just because of our knowledge about the stereotypes. a. Asian American women over age 35 Chul Soo is Korean and currently lives in Seoul. intro-to-christian-thought -22-23.docx | THEO 104 - Introduction to (2005). Dwayne was recently diagnosed with terminal cancer. c. discrimination. d. The more extensive the changes associated with the event, the less the stress. c. Donald Trump's presidency is seen as a new era of covert racism. c. assimilation. Tajfel found that the lines were perceived differently when they were categorized, such that the differences between the groups and the similarities within the groups were emphasized. d. The Japanese families' assimilation into U.S. society accelerated after the war. 3 People who do it tend to be young and nave. 4 A girl and a boy who both like jogging fall in love. The preinduction physical examination given by the U.S. Army involves the following seven activities: These activities can be performed in any order, with two exceptions: Medical history must be taken first, and Exit medical evaluation is last. Knowing is half the battle: Teaching stereotype threat as a means of improving womens math performance. (2007). Similarly, when stereotypes are activated, children with low socioeconomic status perform more poorly in math than do those with high socioeconomic status, and psychology students perform more poorly than do natural science students (Brown, Croizet, Bohner, Fournet, & Payne, 2003). b. prejudice d. Multiculturalism. . 25 percent Flashcards - test 20 - FreezingBlue b. Joe Feagin He receives two very promising applications from individuals who both are college educated and hold well-paying jobs. c. In the 2000 Olympics, women who competed in sports involving power or physical contact 2 He made a dispositional attribution. And there is often good agreement about the stereotypes of social categories among the individuals within a given culture. Which statement about Theodor Adorno's research would Adorno most agree with? Sociology Ch. 5: Social Interaction, Groups, and Social Structure d. Roe v. Wade, In American Apartheid (1993), Douglas Massey and Nancy A. Denton argue that _______ is/are responsible for the perpetuation of black poverty and the continued polarization of black and white people. Group socialization and prejudice: The social transmission of intergroup attitudes and beliefs. a. interpersonal racism.